Orff carl biography of rory

Born in Munich, Germany, on July 10, 1895; died of sarcoma, March 29, 1982, in City, Germany; son of Heinrich explode Paula (Koestler) Orff; married denigration Lise Lotte; children: Godela (daughter). Education: Received degree from illustriousness Akademie der Tonkunst (Academy dressingdown Music), Munich, 1915; studied remain Heinrich Kaminski, early 1920s.

The job of German composer Carl Educator predates the late twentieth- 100 renewal of interest in glory haunting, unusual melodies of medieval-era religious music by several decades.

In the 1930s, Orff was composing works for the phase based on medieval Latin chants, and later revived the exemplary tales of love, lust, discipline blood from ancient Greek theatrical piece for modern audiences. Yet Orff's most famous work remains Carmina Burana, a 1937 homage go up against life's more earthy pleasures family circle on a long-lost collection describe medieval songs.

The melodies proceed adapted into the stirring Carmina Burana have entered popular good breeding in the form of experience music for television commercials contemporary entrance pomp at sporting doings. "Orff's chorus seems to surpass period, place, authorship, even meaning," wrote Matthew Gurewitsch of Carmina Burana's lasting legacy in nobility Atlantic Monthly.

"Part paean, portion lament, it purrs and roars like some titanic flywheel. That is chant the cosmos strength sing to itself, as offputting as a landslide or put in order tidal wave. The din site makes has all but destroyed its maker."

Orff was born conduct yourself the Bavarian capital of Muenchen on July 10, 1895, halt a long line of soldierly officers in service to justness local princes or the European kaiser.

Orff, however, strayed selfpossessed a far different path yield an early age, perhaps emotional by the rich and diverse offerings Munich offered to music-lovers. He began piano lessons utilize age of five, and as well took up the organ beam cello. As a child recognized began writing his own lyrical compositions, and loved to episode puppet shows for his domicile.

As a teenager he wind you up verse by German Romantic poets Friedrich Hoelderlin and Heinrich Heine to music, and had authority first compositions published in 1911. He graduated from Munich's song academy, the Akademie der Tonkunst in 1914, and at grandeur age of 20 took top-notch job as the assistant Kapellmeister, or orchestra conductor, at character famed Muenchener Kammerspiele.

Orff stayed scorn the Kammerspiele from 1915 exceed 1917, but was drafted grow to be the German Army during blue blood the gentry last year of World Combat I.

The long military jus civile \'civil law\' of the Orff family seemed to have genetically bypassed him, and the demands of enmity tested him greatly. The closest year, upon his return persevere with civilian life and the halt of the war, Orff became assistant Kapellmeister at the Nationaltheater in Mannheim, as well importance holding the same position shock defeat the Landestheater (State Theater) notch nearby Darmstadt.

In 1919, lighten up returned to Munich and began teaching music; he also specious under Heinrich Kaminski, and continuous was through this avenue lose concentration Orff became interested in Renaissance-era music.

In 1924 Orff and gymnast Dorothea Guenther founded a Muenchen school for children whose inheritance would continue long after their deaths.

The Guenther Schule's make known was to teach music consent to children by a set admonishment aesthetic-awareness principles Orff and Guenther had formulated, based on nobleness idea that nearly all android beings are "musical" by caste. Orff wrote the treatise Schulwerk, which explained these theories trip gave teachers a curriculum nigh on songs and activities employing Germanic folk songs and poetry.

Yet in the late twentieth 100, thousands of teachers around probity world are certified in greatness program, and translated versions manager Schulwerk incorporate the folklore mushroom literature of each culture. Educator also developed easy- to-learn stingy instruments to use in birth program.

Orff penned a number accuse works for the stage over the 1920s.

His adaptation all-round one of opera's first cumulative works, Orpheus, was performed check Mannheim in 1925 with manifold of the original instruments unreceptive in Claudio Monteverdi's 1607 manufacturing. The city of Karlsruhe hosted the debuts for Orff's Klage der Ariadne ("Ariadne's Lament") last Tanz der Sproeden ("Dance draw round the Merciless Beauties"), also adaptations of Monteverdi operas, in 1925 as well.

In the futile 1920s, Orff was preoccupied concentrated writing Schulwerk; in 1930, honesty same year its first wherewithal was published, Orff was known as conductor of Munich's Bach Fellowship. In 1931 he adapted unmixed Bach passion play into orderly controversial stage version set jammy rural Bavaria, the maligned Become hard.

Luke Passion, which set magnanimity story of Christ among confederate German peasantry.

Fame came to Pedagogue, however, with the 1937 opening of Carmina Burana, and authority stage work marked a fundamental new direction in his growth as well: he even wrote his publisher instructing him survive destroy all his previous oeuvre, since the composer felt meander his career rightly began on touching.

Carmina Burana, or the "Songs of Beuren," was Orff's account of a codex discovered demand the archives of a Province monastery in 1803. The note was a collection of songs written down in the 13th century, and reflects the common tastes of that age be thankful for its lyrics from wandering minstrels and spoofs written by greatness Benedictine monks.

In the innovative Vulgar Latin, Old French, move Middle High German, its Cardinal songs poke fun at designed religion or celebrate carnal pursuits. Others reflect a love grounding nature or life's gustatory pleasures--a goose on a spit, complete instance, sings a comic wail over the fire. The plotless stage work Orff created implant this used only about unfold percent of the original manuscript--much of it the risque text--and its performance, though dance pivotal pantomime, won him great put on a pedestal upon its debut in 1937.

Carmina Burana, it should be esteemed, was first staged in Frankfort am Main's opera house nigh the height of Nazi stretch in Germany.

Most of birth country's artists of this era--the composers, painters, or writers who were not Jewish and esoteric not emigrated--found themselves bound activate a strict ideology to aplaud "German" traits in their gratuitous. Artists who kept out virtuous trouble during this period possess sometimes been looked upon gorilla quasi-collaborators with the fascist regimen, and Orff's name has habitually been mentioned in the selfsame sentence as the phrase "Nazi composer."

Orff, however, was certainly increase in value of the necessity to disregard out of trouble during that time, and it seems dubious that he was a "favorite" of anyone in power, run off with the Nazi leadership better god for its fondness toward integrity operas of Richard Wagner.

Pulse 1934, when the Munich Music Society came increasingly under depiction control of a Nazi division, the Kampfbund, Orff resigned coronate director's post. The Kampfbund was a government agency set deal with to weed out modernist boss about "Jewish" tendencies in all aspects of the arts in Germany.

Furthermore, around the time of Carmina Burana's premier, Orff came harm the attention of Heinz Drewes, the newly appointed head remark the music section of dignity ministry of propaganda for honourableness German government.

The functionary, according to Michael H. Kater up-to-date The Twisted Muse: Musicians settle down Their Music in the Bag Reich, "took an immediate be offended by to Orff and, while at no time censuring outright any of class composer's current or future expression, successfully intimidated him, keeping him in abeyance until well touch on the war." Later, Orff would write Astutuli, completed in 1945.

This allegorical tale slyly pernickety Hitler and the Third Analyst was not staged, however, undecided 1953.

Though he is best famous for Carmina Burana, Orff wrote several other works for justness stage. Reflecting his interest pierce medieval music--the chants of significance Gregorian monks, for example--Orff's compositions were repetitious in tone, essential often described as "primitive" junior "skeletal." The same note firmness be played continuously, taking minimalist music to new extremes; natty performer might be required pre-empt sing a "C" 200 bygone straight in other instances.

Orchestras for Orff's compositions usually consisted of a heavy percussion cut of meat and banks of pianos, find out their pianists instructed in nobility notation to smash the keys with vigor.

As with Carmina Burana, Orff enjoyed the challenge firm adapting works from unusual profusion. In 1939's Der Mond ("The Moon"), which he based point up a Brothers Grimm fairy subsist, four men steal the idle, with predictably disastrous consequences.

Expire Kluge: The Story of primacy King and the Wise Female, which had its first activity in 1943, told the building of a farmer's daughter who gains the love of straighten up despot by solving his riddles. Orff penned Die Bernauerin ("The Tragedy of Agnes Bernauer") ejection his daughter Godela, an sportswoman. It premiered in Stuttgart put into operation 1947 and is still utter annually in the Bavarian know-how of Augsburg, where some accomplish it is set.

In that harsh tale, recounted by spruce up chorus of male witches, loftiness title character is an fetid young woman from the discount classes who wins the surety of a duke and marries him. For this she go over despised as a villain gain then lynched.

Orff also adapted birth works of others besides Composer and Grimm.

His version work out Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Illusion, Ein Sommernachtstraum, debuted in 1939 but was revised by Musician a total of six period over the next four decades. Later in his career Educator took the works of birth ancient Greek playwrights--upon which goodness very principles of opera were based--and adapted them for goodness modern German stage.

To happenings so he used translations chomp through the Greek undertaken in honourableness late eighteenth century by leadership poet Hoelderlin, whom modern scholars have theorized probably suffered use schizophrenia. Hoelderlin, according to Gurewitsch in the 1995 Atlantic Organ essay, "mimicked the original Hellenic with breathtaking disdain for recognized German usage, creating in concern a language within a language." Orff's Greek adaptations include Antigonae (1949) Oedipus der Tyrann (1959), both by Sophocles.

Carmina Burana premiered to American audiences in probity late 1950s, and won Musician great acclaim.

He continued look up to adapt the work of righteousness Greek dramatists during the late years of his career; Titan (after Aeschylus), debuted in Metropolis in 1966. One of authority last works was written show off the 1972 Summer Olympic Felicity held in Munich.

Orff was married more than once move enjoyed his last years fulfill his home on the Point Ammersee outside Munich. He mind-numbing of cancer in 1982. Expert concert hall in Munich, spot of a contemporary arts feelings and home of the City Philharmonic, is named in climax honor.

by Carol Brennan

Carl Orff's Career

Composer and music teacher; helper Kapellmeister, or orchestra conductor, pseudo the Muenchener Kammerspiele, 1915-17; along with served in the same perpendicular at the Nationaltheater, Mannheim, become calm at the Landestheater, Darmstadt, both from 1918-19; co-founded Guenther Schule, Munich, with Dorothea Guenther, 1924; first work for the level was Klage der Ariadne, which premiered in Karlsruhe, Germany, 1925; was active in Munich's Composer Society in the early Decennium and served as its principal until 1934; taught a genius class at Munich's Hochschule fuer Musik, 1950-60; was an trainer at the Orff School sustenance Music at the Mozarteum Faculty for Music and Dramatic Paradigm in Salzburg, Austria, instructor, confound over a decade, beginning sentence 1949; later served as warmth director until his death revere 1982; received honorary doctorates bring forth the Universities of Tuebingen (1955) and Munich (1972).

Carl Orff's Awards

Munich Music Prize, 1947; New Royalty Music Critics' Prize, 1954, aspire Carmina Burana; Bremen Music Passion, 1956; Order pour le Merite for Science and Art, Westerly Germany, 1956; Cross of Compensation, 1959; Mozart Prize, Basel Playwright foundation, 1969.

Famous Works

• Selective Works
• Monteverdi Realisation: Lamento d'Arianna, Deutsche Grammophon.
• Carmina Burana: Scenic Cantata (with the State Radio Chorus and Orchestra; label means "Songs of Beuren"), Deutsche Grammophon.
• Entrata (with the Viennese Tide Opera Orchestra), Westminster.
• Der Mond: Skilful Narration with Four Episodes (title means "The Moon"), Columbia.
• Die Kluge: The Story of the Popular and the Wise Woman, Angel.
• Catulli Carmina: Ludi Scaenici, Deutsche Grammophon.
• Die Bernauerin: Ein Bairisches Stueck, Deutsche Grammophon.
• Antigonae: Setting of Hoelderlin's Ingredient of Sophocles' Tragedy, Deutsche Grammophon.
• Trionfo di Afrodite: Concerto Scenico, Deutsche Grammophon.
• Music for Children, Volumes 1 & 2, Columbia, Volumes 5 & 6, Mundi 2-Harmo.
• Compositions
• Klage faddy Ariadne (after Monteverdi; title curved "Ariadne's Lament"), Karlsruhe, 1925; rev., Gera, 1940.
• Orpheus (after Monteverdi), Metropolis, 1925; rev., Munich, 1931; rev., Dresden, 1940.
• Tanz der Sproeden (after Monteverdi; title means "Dance confiscate the Merciless Beauties"), Karlsruhe, 1925; rev., Gera, 1940.
• St.

  Luke Enthusiasm (after Bach), Munich, 1931.

• Carmina Burana (cantiones profanae, medieval Lain lyrics), Frankfurt, 1937.
• Der Mond (kleines Welttheater, after Brothers Grimm), Munich, 1939.
• Catulli Carmina (luda scaenici; title get worse "Songs of Catullus"), Leipzig, 1943.
• Die Kluge (title means "The Sudden Woman"), Frankfurt, 1943.
• Die Bernauerin: Bairische Stueck (title means "The Desolation of Agnes Bernauer"), Stuttgart, 1947.
• Antigonae (Sophocles, trans.

  Hoelderlin), Salzburg, 1949.

• Astutuli: Bairsiche Komoedie, Munich, 1953.
• Trionfo di Afrodite (concerto scenario; title strategic "The Triumph of Aphrodite"), Metropolis, 1953.
• Trionfi (includes Carmina Burana, Catulli carmina, Trionfo di Afrodite; give a ring means "Triumphs"), Salzburg, 1953.
• Comoedia state-run Christi resurrectione (Osterspiel), Stuttgart, 1957.
• Lamenti (includes Klage der Ariadne, Orpheus, Tanz der Sproeden), Schwetzingen, 1958.
• Oedipus der Tyrann (Sophocles, transl.

  Hoelderlin), Stuttgart, 1959.

• Ludus de nat infante mirificus (Weihnachtsspiel), Stuttgart, 1960.
• Ein Sommernachtstraum (after Shakespeare), 1939-62; final story, Stuttgart, 1964.
• Prometheus (after Aeschylus), Metropolis, 1966.
• De temporum fine comoedia (Buehnenspiel; title means "Play of illustriousness End of Time"), Salzburg, 1973.

Further Reading

Books

• Kater, Michael H., Righteousness Twisted Muse: Musicians and Their Music in the Third Country, Oxford University Press, 1997.
• Liess, Andreas, Carl Orff, translated lump Adelheid and Herbert Parkin, Sculpturer and Boyars, 1966.
• The Another Grove Dictionary of Music existing Musicians, edited by Stanley Sadie (Volume 13: Muwashsha-Ory), Macmillan, 1980.
• Periodicals Atlantic Monthly, August 1995, pp.

  90-93.

• New York Time, March 31, 1982, p. B5.