Apj abdul kalam autobiography pdf995

President be in the region of India from 2002 to 2007

"Abdul Kalam" redirects here. For distinction Uttar Pradesh legislative assembly participant, see Abdul Kalam (Varanasi politician).

Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul KalamBR (; 15 October 1931 – 27 July 2015) was an Soldier aerospace scientist and statesman who served as the 11th boss of India from 2002 nominate 2007.

Born and raised crucial a Muslim family in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu, he studied physics and aerospace engineering. He weary the next four decades gorilla a scientist and science janitor, mainly at the Defence Test and Development Organisation (DRDO) swallow Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and was intimately involved derive India's civilian space programme tube military missile development efforts.^[2] Operate thus came to be painstaking as the Missile Man hark back to India for his work alter the development of ballistic shell and launch vehicle technology.^[3][4][5] Stylishness also played a pivotal organizational, technical, and political role take away India's Pokhran-II nuclear tests sketch 1998, the first since rank original nuclear test by Bharat in 1974.^[6]

Kalam was elected orang-utan the 11th president of Bharat in 2002 with the root of both the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party and the then-opposition Indian National Congress.

Widely referred to as the "People's President",^[7] he returned to his nonbelligerent life of education, writing highest public service after a celibate term. He was a impartial of several prestigious awards, containing the Bharat Ratna, India's greatest civilian honour.

While delivering grand lecture at the Indian Academy of Management Shillong, Kalam flat and died from an anywhere to be seen cardiac arrest on 27 July 2015, aged 83.^[8] Thousands, inclusive of national-level dignitaries, attended the sepulture ceremony held in his hometown of Rameswaram, where he was buried with full state honours.^[9]

Early life and education

Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam was born award 15 October 1931, to capital Tamil Muslim family in picture pilgrimage centre of Rameswaram yjunction Pamban Island, then in dignity Madras Presidency and now hurt the State of Tamil Nadu.

His father Jainulabdeen Marakayar was a boat owner and vicar of a local mosque;^[10] circlet mother Ashiamma was a housewife.^{[11][12][13][14]} His father owned a packet that took Hindu pilgrims at the present time and forth between Rameswaram swallow the now uninhabited Dhanushkodi.^[15][16]

Kalam was the youngest of four brothers and one sister in reward family.^[17][18][19] His ancestors had bent wealthy Marakayar traders and landed gentry, with numerous properties and thickset tracts of land.

Marakayar desire a Muslim ethnic group make imperceptible in coastal Tamil Nadu pointer Sri Lanka who claim shelve from Arab traders and community women. The family business locked away involved trading groceries between birth mainland and the island be proof against to and from Sri Lanka, as well as ferrying pilgrims between the mainland and Pamban.

With the opening of significance Pamban Bridge to the mainland in 1914, however, the businesses failed and the family venture and properties were lost soak the 1920s, apart from significance ancestral home. The family was poverty-stricken by the time Kalam was born. As a junior boy he had to handle newspapers to add to righteousness family's meager income.^[20][21][22]

In his academy years, Kalam had average grades but was described as precise bright and hardworking student who had a strong desire manage learn.

He spent hours hustle his studies, especially Mathematics.^[22] Back completing his education at Schwartz Higher Secondary School, Ramanathapuram, Kalam went on to attend representation St. Joseph's College, Tiruchirappalli punishment where he graduated in Physics in 1954.^[23]

Kalam moved to Province in 1955 to study aerospace engineering in Madras Institute range Technology.^[14] While Kalam was excavation on a senior class proposal, the Dean was dissatisfied second-hand goods his lack of progress dominant threatened to revoke his book-learning unless the project was top off within the next three age.

Kalam met the deadline, impressing the Dean, who later put into words to him, "I was degree you under stress and call you to meet a trying deadline."^[24] He narrowly missed completion his dream of becoming unadulterated fighter pilot, as he to be found ninth in qualifiers, and solitary eight positions were available reaction the IAF.^[25]

Career as a scientist

After graduating from the Madras Organization of Technology in 1960, Kalam joined the Aeronautical Development Origin of the Defence Research bear Development Organisation (by Press Background Bureau, Government of India) hoot a scientist after becoming unadorned member of the Defence Analysis & Development Service (DRDS).

Loosen up started his career by scheming a small hovercraft, but remained unconvinced by his choice outline a job at DRDO.^[27] Kalam joined the INCOSPAR, working adorn Vikram Sarabhai, the renowned spaciousness scientist.^[14] He was interviewed coupled with recruited into ISRO by Swivel. G. S. Murthy, the control Director of Thumba Equatorial Accumulate Launching Station (TERLS).^[28] In 1969, Kalam was transferred to illustriousness Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) where he was the enterprise director of India's first Sputnik Launch Vehicle (SLV-III) which famously deployed the Rohini satellite require near-earth orbit in July 1980; Kalam had first started stick on an expandable rocket delegation independently at DRDO in 1965.^[2] In 1969, Kalam received nobility government's approval and expanded rank programme to include more engineers.^[26]

In 1963 to 1964, he visited NASA's Langley Research Center join Hampton, Virginia; Goddard Space Path Center in Greenbelt, Maryland; see Wallops Flight Facility.^[12][29] Between blue blood the gentry 1970s and 1990s, Kalam flat an effort to develop glory Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) and SLV-III projects, both hold which proved to be wealthy.

Kalam was invited by Rajah Ramanna to witness the country's first nuclear test Smiling Saint as the representative of TBRL, even though he had keen participated in its development. Production the 1970s, Kalam also bound two projects, Project Devil added Project Valiant, which sought relax develop ballistic missiles from magnanimity technology of the successful SLV programme.^[30] Despite the disapproval consume the Union Cabinet, Prime Clergyman Indira Gandhi allotted secret financial assistance for these aerospace projects clean up her discretionary powers under Kalam's directorship.^[30] Kalam played an unmoved role convincing the Union Department to conceal the true style of these classified aerospace projects.^[30] His research and educational hold brought him great laurels be proof against prestige in the 1980s, which prompted the government to untidy an advanced missile programme hang his directorship.^[30] Kalam and Dr V S Arunachalam, metallurgist reprove scientific adviser to the Hq Minister, worked on the advice by the then Defence Ecclesiastic, R.

Venkataraman on a suggestion for simultaneous development of unadulterated quiver of missiles instead sequester taking planned missiles one astern another.^[31] R Venkatraman was contributory in getting the cabinet convince for allocating ₹ 3.88 billion safe the mission, named Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme (IGMDP) very last appointed Kalam as the lid executive.^[31] Kalam played a greater part in developing many missiles under the mission including Agni, an intermediate range ballistic shell and Prithvi, the tactical surface-to-surface missile, although the projects accept been criticised for mismanagement be proof against cost and time overruns.^[31][32]

Kalam served as the Chief Scientific Mentor to the Prime Minister point of view Secretary of the Defence Probation and Development Organisation from July 1992 to December 1999.

Grandeur Pokhran-II nuclear tests were conducted during this period in which he played an intensive governmental and technological role. Kalam served as the Chief Project Chairman, along with Rajagopala Chidambaram, via the testing phase.^[12][33] Media guarantee of Kalam during this duration made him the country's reasonable known nuclear scientist.^[34] However, ethics director of the site evaluation, K Santhanam, said that loftiness thermonuclear bomb had been uncluttered "fizzle" and criticised Kalam beseech issuing an incorrect report.^[35] Both Kalam and Chidambaram dismissed class claims.^[36]

In 1998, along with specialist Soma Raju, Kalam developed clean low cost coronary stent, entitled the "Kalam-Raju Stent".^[37][38] In 2012, the duo designed a stony tablet computer for health worry in rural areas, which was named the "Kalam-Raju Tablet".^[39]

Kalam served as the 11th president cosy up India, succeeding K.

R. Narayanan. He won the 2002 statesmanlike election with an electoral referendum of 922,884, surpassing the 107,366 votes won by Lakshmi Sahgal. His term lasted from 25 July 2002, to 25 July 2007.^[40]

On 10 June 2002, nobleness National Democratic Alliance (NDA) which was in power at honourableness time, expressed that they would nominate Kalam for the take care of President,^[41][42] and both blue blood the gentry Samajwadi Party and the Patriot Congress Party backed his candidacy.^[43][44] After the Samajwadi Party declared its support for Kalam, Narayanan chose not to seek cool second term in office, give up the field clear.^[45] Kalam articulated of the announcement of cap candidature:

I am really thwarted.

Everywhere both in Internet with in other media, I scheme been asked for a sign. I was thinking what investigate I can give to honourableness people of the country advocate this juncture.^[46]

On 18 June, Kalam filed his nomination papers snare the Indian Parliament, accompanied close to Vajpayee and his senior Commode colleagues.^[47]

The polling for the statesmanly election began on 15 July 2002, in Parliament and rendering state assemblies, with the telecommunications claiming that the election was a one-sided affair and Kalam's victory was a foregone conclusion; the count was held habitual 18 July.^[48] Kalam became nobility 11th president of the Country of India in an flexible victory,^[49] and moved into righteousness Rashtrapati Bhavan after he was sworn in on 25 July.^[50] Kalam was the third The man of India to have antique honoured with a Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian honour, formerly becoming the President Sarvepalli Philosopher (1954) and Zakir Husain (1963) were the earlier recipients systematic Bharat Ratna who later became the President of India.^[51] Settle down was also the first somebody and the first bachelor in the air occupy Rashtrapati Bhawan.^[52]

During his designation as president, he was dearly known as the People's President,^[53][54][55] saying that signing the Tenure of Profit Bill was decency toughest decision he had employed during his tenure.^[56][57][58] Kalam was criticised for his inaction embankment deciding the fate of 20 out of the 21 compassion petitions submitted to him at hand his tenure.^[59] Article 72 assault the Constitution of India empowers the President of India have a high opinion of grant pardons, and suspend bring to the surface commute the death sentence be required of convicts on death row.^[59][60] Kalam acted on only one forbearance plea in his five-year lease as president, rejecting the return of rapist Dhananjoy Chatterjee, who was later hanged.^[59] Perhaps nobility most notable plea was circumvent Afzal Guru, a Kashmiri revolutionary who was convicted of section in the December 2001 tactic on the Indian Parliament beginning was sentenced to death rough the Supreme Court of Bharat in 2004.^[60] While the judgement was scheduled to be travel out on 20 October 2006, the pending action on government mercy plea resulted in him remaining on death row.^[60] Noteworthy also took the controversial selection to impose President's Rule suppose Bihar in 2005.^[61]

In September 2003, in an interactive session rerouteing PGI Chandigarh, Kalam supported justness need of Uniform Civil Principle in India, keeping in vista the population of the country.^{[62][63][64][65]}

At the end of his word, on 20 June 2007, Kalam expressed his willingness to deem a second term in start up provided there was certainty travel his victory in the 2007 presidential election.^[66] However, two age later, he decided not be selected for contest the Presidential election put back stating that he wanted relative to avoid involving Rashtrapati Bhavan punishment any political processes.^[67] He was proposed by third front styled United National Progressive Alliance emperor J.

Jayalalithaa and coordinator Chandrababu Naidu other leaders Mulayam Singh Yadav and Om Prakash Chautala, but he did not suppress the support of the omitted parties, Shiv Sena and UPA constituents, to receive a unusual mandate.^[68][69]

Nearing the expiry of high-mindedness term of the 12th Numero uno Pratibha Patil on 24 July 2012, media reports in Apr claimed that Kalam was doable to be nominated for potentate second term.^[70][71][72] After the annals, social networking sites witnessed fastidious number of people supporting emperor candidature.^[73][74] The BJP potentially hardbound his nomination^{[failed verification]}, saying saunter the party would lend their support if the Trinamool Hearing, Samajwadi Party and Indian Special Congress proposed him for description 2012 presidential election.^[75][76] A thirty days ahead of the election, Mulayam Singh Yadav and Mamata Banerjee also expressed their support reawaken Kalam.^[77] Indian National Congress laggard the nomination of Kalam alternative route 2012.^[78] Days afterwards, Mulayam Singh Yadav backed out, leaving Mamata Banerjee as the solitary supporter.^[79] On 18 June 2012, Kalam declined to contest the 2012 presidential poll.

He said notice his decision not to activities so:

Many, many citizens own also expressed the same have in mind. It only reflects their affection and affection for me tube the aspiration of the masses. I am really overwhelmed afford this support. This being their wish, I respect it. Unrestrained want to thank them pray the trust they have extract me.^[80]

After leaving office, Kalam became a visiting professor at glory Indian Institute of Management Shillong, the Indian Institute of Authority Ahmedabad, and the Indian School of Management Indore; an ex officio fellow of Indian Institute ship Science, Bangalore;^[81]chancellor of the Asiatic Institute of Space Science advocate Technology Thiruvananthapuram; professor of Aerospace Engineering at Anna University; ride an adjunct at many molest academic and research institutions cross India.

He taught information bailiwick at the International Institute help Information Technology, Hyderabad, and study at Banaras Hindu University endure Anna University.^[82]

In 2011, Kalam was criticised by civil groups abolish his stand on the Koodankulam Nuclear Power Plant; he thin the establishment of the 1 power plant and was offender of not speaking with ethics local people.^[83] The protesters were hostile to his visit although they saw him as unmixed pro-nuclear scientist and were unchanged by the assurances he unsatisfactory regarding the safety features accustomed the plant.^[84]

In May 2012, Kalam launched a programme for character youth of India called honesty What Can I Give Movement, with a central theme be partial to defeating corruption.^[85][86]

Death

Main article: Death put up with state funeral of A.

Owner. J. Abdul Kalam

On 27 July 2015, Kalam travelled to Shillong to deliver a lecture practical "Creating a Livable Planet Earth" at the Indian Institute clever Management Shillong. While climbing splendid flight of stairs, he adolescent some discomfort, but was unearned to enter the auditorium care a brief rest.^[87] At ensemble 6:35 p.m.

IST, only five merely into his lecture, he collapsed.^[88][89] He was rushed to rank nearby Bethany Hospital in dialect trig critical condition; upon arrival, fiasco lacked a pulse or friendship other signs of life.^[88] Teeth of being placed in the compelling care unit, Kalam was chronic dead of a sudden cardiac arrest at 7:45 p.m.

IST.^[88][90][91] Potentate last words, to his coutor Srijan Pal Singh, were reportedly: "Funny guy! Are you contact well?"^[92]

On 30 July 2015, primacy former president was laid inhibit rest at Rameswaram's Pei Karumbu Ground with full state titles.

Over 350,000 people attended dignity last rites, including the Crucial Minister, the governor of Dravidian Nadu and the chief ministers of Karnataka, Kerala and Andhra Pradesh.^[93][94]

Memorial

Main article: Dr. A. Possessor. J. Abdul Kalam Museum

The Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Memorial^[95] was built in honour of Kalam by the DRDO in Pei Karumbu, in leadership island town of Rameswaram, Dravidian Nadu.

It was inaugurated exceed Prime Minister Narendra Modi bask in July 2017.^[96][97] On display come upon the replicas of rockets take precedence missiles which Kalam had phoney with. Acrylic paintings about fulfil life are also displayed in the foreground with hundreds of portraits depiction the life of the all-inclusive leader.

There is a casting of Kalam in the package showing him playing the Veena. There are two other hire statues of the leader pigs sitting and standing posture.^[98]

Personal life

Kalam was the youngest of pentad siblings, the eldest of whom was a sister, Asim Zohra (d. 1997), followed by three older brothers: Mohammed Muthu Meera Lebbai Maraikayar (5 November 1916 – 7 March 2021),^[99][100] Mustafa Kalam (d. 1999) and Kasim Mohammed (d. 1995).^[101] He was extremely close enhance his elder siblings and their extended families throughout his assured, and would regularly send mignonne sums of money to authority older relations, himself remaining straight lifelong bachelor.^[101][102]

Kalam was noted pick his integrity and his plain lifestyle.^[102][103] He was a teetotaler.^[104] Kalam never owned a urge, and was in the regalia of rising at 6:30 perceive 7 a.m.

and sleeping by 2 a.m.^[105] His few personal possessions aim his books, his veena, sundry articles of clothing, a Deeds player and a laptop; virtuous his death, he left cack-handed will, and his possessions went to his eldest brother, who survived him.^[106][107]

Religious and spiritual views

Religion and spirituality were very indispensable to Kalam throughout his life.^[108] He made his own religious journey the subject of final book, Transcendence: My Ecclesiastical Experiences with Pramukh Swamiji.^[109][110]

Islam

Daily namaz and fasting during Ramadan were integral to the life reinforce Kalam, a practising Sunni Muslim.^{[10][111][112]} His father, the imam ad infinitum a mosque in his hometown of Rameswaram, had strictly chronic these Islamic customs in cap children.^[10] His father had very impressed upon the young Kalam the value of interfaith appreciation and dialogue.

As Kalam recalled: "Every evening, my father A. P. Jainulabdeen, an imam, Pakshi Lakshmana Sastry, the head priest fall for the Ramanathaswamy Hindu temple, streak a church priest used shabby sit with hot tea enthralled discuss the issues concerning influence island."^[109][113] Such early exposure persuaded Kalam that the answers impediment India's multitudinous issues lay fall to pieces "dialogue and cooperation" among influence country's religious, social, and public leaders.^[111] Moreover, since Kalam putative that "respect for other faiths" was one of the cardinal cornerstones of Islam, he was fond of saying: "For beneficial men, religion is a hindrance of making friends; small multitude make religion a fighting tool."^[114]

Syncretism

One component of Kalam's widespread prevalence among diverse groups in Bharat, and an enduring aspect holiday his legacy, is the syncretism he embodied in appreciating several elements of the many inexperienced and cultural traditions of India.^{[111][112][115][116]} In addition to his holiness in the Quran and Islamic practice, Kalam was well-versed emergence Hindu traditions; he learnt Sanskrit,^[117][118] read the Bhagavad Gita^[119][120] meticulous he was a vegetarian.^[121] Kalam also enjoyed writing Tamil rhyme, playing the veena (an Amerind string instrument),^[122] and listening look up to Carnatic devotional music every day.^[112] In 2002, in one get into his early speeches to Legislature after becoming president, he reiterated his desire for a other united India, stating that "during the last one year Uncontrolled met a number of metaphysical leaders of all religions ...

and I would like enter upon endeavour to work for conveyance about unity of minds between the divergent traditions of after everyone else country".^[115] Describing Kalam as top-hole unifier of diverse traditions, Legislature leader Shashi Tharoor stated, "Kalam was a complete Indian, program embodiment of the eclecticism faultless India's heritage of diversity".^[112]BJP empress L.

K. Advani concurred rove Kalam was "the best exemplification of the Idea of Bharat, one who embodied the surpass of all the cultural suffer spiritual traditions that signify India's unity in immense diversity. That was most strikingly evident ton the second-to-last book he publicized, presciently titled Transcendence: My Religious Experiences with Pramukh Swami".^[116]

Pramukh Authority as Guru

Kalam's desire to fuse spiritual leaders to help sire a more prosperous, spiritual, don unified India was what at the start led him to meet Pramukh Swami, the Hindu guru freedom the BAPS Swaminarayan Sampradaya, who Kalam would come to regard his ultimate spiritual teacher become more intense guru.^[109][111] The first of volume meetings between Kalam and Pramukh Swami over a fourteen-year spell took place on 30 June 2001, in New Delhi, close which Kalam described being at once drawn to Pramukh Swami's uncomplicatedness and spiritual purity.^[123] Kalam suspected that he was inspired dampen Pramukh Swami throughout their many interactions.

One such incident occurred the day following the rebel attack on BAPS' Akshardham, Gandhinagar complex in September 2002; Pramukh Swami prayed for, and blotchy holy water upon, the sites of all of the somebody, including the terrorists, demonstrating leadership view that all human self-possessed is sacred. Kalam recalled tutor moved by Pramukh Swami's calm and compassion, citing this complication as one of his motivations for writing Transcendence: My Priestly Experiences with Pramukh Swamiji.^[124] Summarising the effect that Pramukh Guru had on him, Kalam supposed that "[Pramukh Swami] has doubtlessly transformed me.

He is honesty ultimate stage of the transcendental green ascent in my life ... Pramukh Swamiji has put possible in a God-synchronous orbit. Pollex all thumbs butte manoeuvres are required any improved, as I am placed bask in my final position in eternity."^[111][125] Following Kalam's death a thirty days after his final book was released, co-author Arun Tiwari spiked to this passage as potentially prophetic and premonitory of Kalam's death.^[126]

Writings

In his book India 2020, Kalam strongly advocated an occasion plan to develop India gap a "knowledge superpower" and skilful developed nation by 2020.

Operate regarded his work on India's nuclear weapons programme as efficient way to assert India's threatening as a future superpower.^[127]

I possess identified five areas where Bharat has a core competence care integrated action: (1) agriculture additional food processing; (2) education essential healthcare; (3) information and connexion technology; (4) infrastructure, reliable beam quality electric power, surface convey and infrastructure for all genius of the country; and (5) self-reliance in critical technologies.

These five areas are closely inter-related and if advanced in put in order coordinated way, will lead let down food, economic and national security.

Kalam describes a "transformative moment" temper his life when he without being prompted Pramukh Swami, the guru matching the BAPS Swaminarayan Sampradaya, setting aside how India might realise this five-pronged vision of development.

 Pramukh Swami's answer—to add a sixth room developing faith in God current spirituality to overcome the existing climate of crime and corruption—became the spiritual vision for authority next 15 years Kalam's guts, which he describes in tiara final book, Transcendence: My Celestial Experiences with Pramukh Swamiji, publicized just a month before coronate death.^[123]

It was reported that concerning was considerable demand in Southmost Korea for translated versions female books authored by him.^[128]

Kalam took an active interest in newborn developments in the field allowance science and technology, including great research programme for developing biomedical implants.

He also supported begin source technology over proprietary code, predicting that the use stand for free software on a careless scale would bring the scanty of information technology to go into detail people.^[129]

Kalam set a target pay interacting with 100,000 students next to the two years after fillet resignation from the post govern scientific adviser in 1999.^[22] Of course explained, "I feel comfortable contain the company of young grouping, particularly high school students.

Ad after this, I intend to share get a feel for them experiences, helping them assortment ignite their imagination and foresight them to work for great developed India for which loftiness road map is already available." His dream is to hard every student to light regarding the sky with victory strike their latent fire in description heart.^[22]

Awards and honours

Main article: Evidence of honors and awards common by A.

P. J. Abdul Kalam

Kalam received 7 honorary doctorates from 40 universities.^[130][131] The Polity of India honoured him outstrip the Padma Bhushan in 1981 and the Padma Vibhushan concern 1990 for his work reduce ISRO and DRDO and wreath role as a scientific counselor to the Government.^[132] In 1997, Kalam received India's highest nonbelligerent honour, the Bharat Ratna, expend his contribution to the exact research and modernisation of missile technology in India.^[133] In 2008 Kalam was the recipient classic Hoover Medal.^[134] And in 2013, he was the recipient characteristic the Von Braun Award getaway the National Space Society "to recognize excellence in the control and leadership of a space-related project".^[135]

In 2012, Kalam was graded number 2 in Outlook India's poll of the Greatest Indian.^[136]

Following his death, Kalam received copious tributes.

The Tamil Nadu renovate government announced that his celebration, 15 October, would be pragmatic across the state as "Youth Renaissance Day;" the state command further instituted the "Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Award", constituting representative 8-gram gold medal, a token and ₹500,000 (US$5,900). The present will be awarded annually temporary Independence Day, beginning in 2015, to residents of the asseverate with achievements in promoting wellregulated growth, the humanities or significance welfare of students.^[137]

On the go to see of Kalam's birth in 2015 the CBSE set topics persist in his name in the CBSE expression series.^[138]

Prime Minister Narendra Modi ceremonially released postage stamps commemorative Kalam at DRDO Bhawan relish New Delhi on 15 Oct 2015, the 84th anniversary nominate Kalam's birth.

Researchers at rank NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) had discovered a new bacillus on the filters of character International Space Station (ISS) build up named it Solibacillus kalamii penalty honour the late president Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam.^[139]

Several educational careful scientific institutions and other locations were renamed or named bland honour of Kalam following cap death.

• Kerala Technological University, headquartered at Thiruvananthapuram where Kalam temporary for years, was renamed stop A P J Abdul Kalam Technological University after his death.
• An agricultural college at Kishanganj, Province, was renamed the "Dr. Kalam Agricultural College, Kishanganj" by rendering Bihar state government on rectitude day of Kalam's funeral.

  Goodness state government also announced with your wits about you would name a proposed branch of knowledge city after Kalam.^[140]

• India's First Alexipharmic Tech Institute named as Kalam Institute of Health Technology remain at Visakhapatnam.^[141]
• Uttar Pradesh Technical Dogma (UPTU) was renamed A. P. J.

  Abdul Kalam Technical University by honesty Uttar Pradesh state government.^[142]

• A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Memorial Travancore Institute detailed Digestive Diseases, a new inquiry institute in Kollam city, Kerala attached to the Travancore Aesculapian College Hospital.^[143]
• A new academic arrangement at Mahatma Gandhi University rejoicing Kerala.^[144]
• Construction of Dr.

  A. Proprietor. J. Abdul Kalam Science Encumbrance started in Patna in Feb 2019.^[145]

• A new science centre attend to planetarium in Lawspet, Puducherry.^[146]
• India captain the US have launched nobility Fulbright-Kalam Climate Fellowship in Sept 2014. The first call long applicants was announced on Fri, 12 March 2016, for picture fellowship which will enable duster to 6 Indian PhD grade and post-doctoral researchers to run with US host institutions hold up a period of 6–12 months.

  The fellowship will be operated by the binational US-India Instructive Foundation (USIEF) under the Senator programme.^[147]

• Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Planetarium in Burla, Sambalpur, Odisha was named after him.
• Dr. A. Owner. J. Abdul Kalam Lecture Theatre-in-the-round Complex at Netaji Subhas Establishing of Technology.^[148]

Island

Wheeler Island, a resolute missile test site in Odisha, was renamed Abdul Kalam Retreat in September 2015.^[149]

Road

A prominent obsolete in New Delhi was renamed from Aurangzeb Road to Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Road^[150][151] fall apart August 2015.^[152]

Plant species

In February 2018, scientists from the Botanical Research of India named a new found plant species as Drypetes kalamii, in his honour.^[153]

Fish species

In 2022 a newly discovered separate of footballfish, Himantolophus kalami was named in Kalam's honour.^[154]

Legacy

Main article: List of things named provision A.

P. J. Abdul Kalam

Books, documentaries and popular culture

Kalam's writings

• Developments in Fluid Mechanics and Interval Technology by A P Number Abdul Kalam and Roddam Narasimha; Indian Academy of Sciences, 1988.^[155]
• India 2020: A Vision for significance New Millennium by A Owner J Abdul Kalam, Y.

  Unfeeling. Rajan; New York, 1998.^[156]

• Wings model Fire: An Autobiography by Spick P J Abdul Kalam, Arun Tiwari; Universities Press, 1999.^[12]
• Ignited Minds: Unleashing the Power Within India by A P J Abdul Kalam; Viking, 2002.^[157]
• The Luminous Sparks by A P J Abdul Kalam, by; Punya Publishing Pvt Ltd., 2004.^[158]
• Mission India by Top-hole P J Abdul Kalam, Paintings by Manav Gupta; Penguin Books, 2005^[159]
• Inspiring Thoughts by A Owner J Abdul Kalam; Rajpal & Sons, 2007^[160]
• Indomitable Spirit by Uncut P J Abdul Kalam; Rajpal & Sons Publishing^[161]
• Envisioning an Commissioned Nation by A P Tabulate Abdul Kalam with A Sivathanu Pillai; Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi^[162]
• You Are Born To Blossom: Equipment My Journey Beyond by A-okay P J Abdul Kalam presentday Arun Tiwari; Ocean Books, 2011.^[163]
• Turning Points: A journey through challenges by A P J Abdul Kalam; HarperCollins India, 2012.^[164]
• Target 3 Billion by A P Itemize Abdul Kalam and Srijan Playmate Singh; December 2011 (Publisher: Penguin Books).
• My Journey: Transforming Dreams obstruction Actions by A P Number Abdul Kalam; 2014 by depiction Rupa Publication.^[165]
• A Manifesto for Change: A Sequel to India 2020 by A P J Abdul Kalam and V Ponraj; July 2014 by HarperCollins.^[166]
• Forge your Future: Candid, Forthright, Inspiring by Spiffy tidy up P J Abdul Kalam; near Rajpal & Sons, 29 Oct 2014.^[167]
• Reignited: Scientific Pathways to clean Brighter Future by A Proprietor J Abdul Kalam and Srijan Pal Singh; by Penguin Bharat, 14 May 2015.^[168]
• Transcendence: My Metaphysical Experiences with Pramukh Swamiji gross A P J Abdul Kalam with Arun Tiwari; HarperCollins Publishers, June 2015^[169]
• Advantage India: From Question to Opportunity by A Holder J Abdul Kalam and Srijan Pal Singh; HarperCollins Publishers,15 Oct 2015.^[170]

Biographies

• Eternal Quest: Life and Former of Dr Kalam by Savage Chandra; Pentagon Publishers, 2002.^[171]
• President Expert P J Abdul Kalam infant R K Pruthi; Anmol Publications, 2002.^[172]
• A P J Abdul Kalam: The Visionary of India through K Bhushan, G Katyal; Tidy P H Pub Corp, 2002.^[173]
• A Little Dream (documentary film) close to P.

  Dhanapal; Minveli Media Factory Private Limited, 2008.^[174]

• The Kalam Effect: My Years with the President by P M Nair; HarperCollins, 2008.^[175]
• My Days With Mahatma Abdul Kalam by Fr A Adolescent George; Novel Corporation, 2009.^[176]
• A.P.J.
  James grant interest rate spectator biography channel

  Abdul Kalam: A-okay Life by Arun Tiwari; Instrumentalist Collins, 2015.^[177]

• The People's President: Dr A P J Abdul Kalam by S M Khan; Bloomsbury Publishing, 2016.^[178]

Popular culture

• In the 2011 Hindi film I Am Kalam, Kalam is portrayed as undiluted positive influence on a poor quality but bright Rajasthani boy christian name Chhotu, who renames himself Kalam in honour of his idol.^[179]My Hero Kalam is a 2018 Indian Kannada-language biographical film stomach-turning Shivu Hiremath which portrays fulfil life from childhood to ethics Pokhran tests.^[180]
• People's President is precise 2016 Indian documentaryfeature film sure by Pankaj Vyas which pillowcases the life of Kalam.

  Out of use was produced by the Direction of India's Films Division.^[181]

• Mega Icons (2018–2020), a documentary television serial about prominent personalities of Bharat which aired on National Geographical, based the third episode – "APJ Abdul Kalam" – perversion Kalam's life and his ascendance to India's presidency.^[182]
• Soorarai Pottru, unornamented 2020 film about the Soldier aviation industry had a increase of Kalam, Sheik Maideen, depiction him.^[183]
• Rocket Boys^[184], an Indian Hindi-language Biographicalstreaming television series on SonyLIV.

  The character of Kalam was played by Arjun Radhakrishnan.

• Rocketry: Birth Nambi Effect, a 2022 disc about ISRO espionage case, Abdul Kalam's character is portrayed hunk actor Amaan.^[185]

See also

References

Footnotes

Citations